You need to do all this on your local computer where you initially did the git clone when you provisioned your gateway
So it is actually (on you local computer):
# go to you local repo
cd <where you did git clone>/ttn-resin-gateway-rpi/
# merge upstream changes
git pull
# Unless you made local changes, the above command will do a "Fast forward" merge
# and your local repo should be up-to-date.
# If it is not the case you might have to resolve conflicts manually. After that add
# changed files and commit your work
git add .
git commit -m 'Your commit comment'
# Now you are ready to push your new code to Balena, this will trigger the build
# and you will get a nice unicorn
git push -f resin master
# All done, Balena will start deploying the new container on your node soon after
# You can monitor that on the console.
It is important to understand that it is a zero risk operation. Worst case, you could push nonsense to your gateway and the packet forwarder could be broken, but Balena will not, and you always have opportunity to push new code to fix the issue (obviously LoRaWan will be down, but not the gateway itself)