@kersing Happy to run a full startup log. Can you please let me know how to activate the full logging of the pack forwarder? (Sorry, I am just starting on TTN).
I did disable LBT and the packet forwarder did not start with a USB card. Similar log output as before.
lgw_connect:532: INFO: no FPGA detected or version not supported (v103)
I will try again when I have a chance to get the SPI version
@Guy
Could you provide more logging? This line by itself is not sufficient to determine why it won’t start.
(I’ve got the software running and in my logging there is lgw_connect:532: INFO: no FPGA detected or version not supported (v103) as well)
Full log should be available at /var/log/lora-pkt-fwd.log If you stop the packet forwarder (run /etc/init.d/ttn-pkt-forwarder stop) and start the software by hand with /opt/lora/mp_pkt_fwd -c /var/config/lora the log will be shown on your ‘terminal’.
Hi Jac
It works now. I upgraded the Multitech (with USB LoRa card) to version 1.4.16, went through the install process again, then (on Andrew’s advice)
- Stopped the packet forwarder with /etc/init.d/ttn-pkt-forwarder stop
- Patched out the code in /opt/lora/run_forwarder that pulls the latest global_conf file.
- Edited the /var/config/lora/global_conf.json and changed it to set lbt_cfg : {“enable”:false, …}
- Restarted the packet forwarder
It connected and is forwarding packets.
Don’t know what is different now other than upgrading from 1.4.1 to 1.4.16. Sometimes you just need to install - reset - install - reset 5 times to get it right 
Thanks for your help.
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Here the log of the TTN packet forwarder with LBT on (config pointed to https://account.thethingsnetwork.org/api/v2/frequency-plans/AS_923_925)
admin@mtcdt:/var/config/lora# uname -a
Linux mtcdt 3.12.27r15 #1 PREEMPT Thu Mar 29 09:32:23 CDT 2018 armv5tejl GNU/Linuxadmin@mtcdt:~# /opt/lora/mp_pkt_fwd -c /var/config/lora
17:48:33 *** Multi Protocol Packet Forwarder for Lora Gateway ***
Version: 3.0.20
17:48:33 *** Lora concentrator HAL library version info ***
Version: 5.0.1; Options: native;
***
17:48:33 INFO: Little endian host
17:48:33 INFO: found global configuration file /var/config/lora/global_conf.json, parsing it
17:48:33 INFO: /var/config/lora/global_conf.json does contain a JSON object named SX1301_conf, parsing SX1301 parameters
17:48:33 INFO: lorawan_public 1, clksrc 0
lgw_board_setconf:437: Note: board configuration; lorawan_public:1, clksrc:0
17:48:33 INFO: 8 LBT channels configured
17:48:33 INFO: antenna_gain 0 dBi
17:48:33 INFO: Configuring TX LUT with 16 indexes
17:48:33 INFO: radio 0 enabled (type SX1257), center frequency 923600000, RSSI offset -166.000000, tx enabled 1
lgw_rxrf_setconf:486: WARNING: NOT A VALID TX NOTCH FILTER FREQUENCY [126000..250000]Hz
lgw_rxrf_setconf:498: Note: rf_chain 0 configuration; en:1 freq:923600000 rssi_offset:-166.000000 radio_type:2 tx_enable:1 tx_notch_freq:0
17:48:33 INFO: radio 1 enabled (type SX1257), center frequency 924600000, RSSI offset -166.000000, tx enabled 0
lgw_rxrf_setconf:498: Note: rf_chain 1 configuration; en:1 freq:924600000 rssi_offset:-166.000000 radio_type:2 tx_enable:0 tx_notch_freq:0
17:48:33 INFO: Lora multi-SF channel 0> radio 0, IF -400000 Hz, 125 kHz bw, SF 7 to 12
lgw_rxif_setconf:617: Note: LoRa 'multi' if_chain 0 configuration; en:1 freq:-400000 SF_mask:0x7e
17:48:33 INFO: Lora multi-SF channel 1> radio 0, IF -200000 Hz, 125 kHz bw, SF 7 to 12
lgw_rxif_setconf:617: Note: LoRa 'multi' if_chain 1 configuration; en:1 freq:-200000 SF_mask:0x7e
17:48:33 INFO: Lora multi-SF channel 2> radio 0, IF 0 Hz, 125 kHz bw, SF 7 to 12
lgw_rxif_setconf:617: Note: LoRa 'multi' if_chain 2 configuration; en:1 freq:0 SF_mask:0x7e
17:48:33 INFO: Lora multi-SF channel 3> radio 0, IF 200000 Hz, 125 kHz bw, SF 7 to 12
lgw_rxif_setconf:617: Note: LoRa 'multi' if_chain 3 configuration; en:1 freq:200000 SF_mask:0x7e
17:48:33 INFO: Lora multi-SF channel 4> radio 0, IF 400000 Hz, 125 kHz bw, SF 7 to 12
lgw_rxif_setconf:617: Note: LoRa 'multi' if_chain 4 configuration; en:1 freq:400000 SF_mask:0x7e
17:48:33 INFO: Lora multi-SF channel 5> radio 1, IF -400000 Hz, 125 kHz bw, SF 7 to 12
lgw_rxif_setconf:617: Note: LoRa 'multi' if_chain 5 configuration; en:1 freq:-400000 SF_mask:0x7e
17:48:33 INFO: Lora multi-SF channel 6> radio 1, IF -200000 Hz, 125 kHz bw, SF 7 to 12
lgw_rxif_setconf:617: Note: LoRa 'multi' if_chain 6 configuration; en:1 freq:-200000 SF_mask:0x7e
17:48:33 INFO: Lora multi-SF channel 7> radio 1, IF 0 Hz, 125 kHz bw, SF 7 to 12
lgw_rxif_setconf:617: Note: LoRa 'multi' if_chain 7 configuration; en:1 freq:0 SF_mask:0x7e
17:48:33 INFO: Lora std channel> radio 1, IF -100000 Hz, 250000 Hz bw, SF 7
lgw_rxif_setconf:591: Note: LoRa 'std' if_chain 8 configuration; en:1 freq:-100000 bw:2 dr:2
17:48:33 INFO: FSK channel> radio 1, IF 200000 Hz, 125000 Hz bw, 50000 bps datarate
lgw_rxif_setconf:647: Note: FSK if_chain 9 configuration; en:1 freq:200000 bw:3 dr:50000 (50000 real dr) sync:0xC194C1
17:48:33 INFO: /var/config/lora/global_conf.json does contain a JSON object named gateway_conf, parsing gateway parameters
17:48:33 INFO: Found 1 servers in array.
17:48:33 INFO: Server 0 configured to "router.as2.thethings.network"
17:48:33 INFO: packets received with a valid CRC will be forwarded
17:48:33 INFO: packets received with a CRC error will NOT be forwarded
17:48:33 INFO: packets received with no CRC will NOT be forwarded
17:48:33 INFO: GPS is disabled
17:48:33 INFO: Upstream data is enabled
17:48:33 INFO: Downstream data is enabled
17:48:33 INFO: Ghoststream data is disabled
17:48:33 INFO: Radiostream data is enabled
17:48:33 INFO: Statusstream data is enabled
17:48:33 INFO: Beacon is disabled
17:48:33 INFO: Packet logger is disabled
17:48:33 INFO: Flush output after statistic is disabled
17:48:33 INFO: Flush after each line of output is disabled
17:48:33 INFO: Watchdog is disabled
17:48:33 INFO: found local configuration file /var/config/lora/local_conf.json, parsing it
17:48:33 INFO: redefined parameters will overwrite global parameters
17:48:33 INFO: /var/config/lora/local_conf.json does not contain a JSON object named SX1301_conf
17:48:33 INFO: /var/config/lora/local_conf.json does contain a JSON object named gateway_conf, parsing gateway parameters
17:48:33 INFO: gateway MAC address is configured to 00800000A000291B
17:48:33 INFO: Found 1 servers in array.
17:48:33 INFO: Server 0 configured to "thethings.meshed.com.au"
17:48:33 INFO: packets received with a valid CRC will be forwarded
17:48:33 INFO: packets received with a CRC error will NOT be forwarded
17:48:33 INFO: packets received with no CRC will NOT be forwarded
17:48:33 INFO: GPS is disabled
17:48:33 INFO: Upstream data is enabled
17:48:33 INFO: Downstream data is enabled
17:48:33 INFO: Ghoststream data is disabled
17:48:33 INFO: Radiostream data is enabled
17:48:33 INFO: Statusstream data is enabled
17:48:33 INFO: Beacon is disabled
17:48:33 INFO: Packet logger is disabled
17:48:33 INFO: Flush output after statistic is disabled
17:48:33 INFO: Flush after each line of output is disabled
17:48:33 INFO: Watchdog is disabled
17:48:33 INFO: Contact email configured to "<removed>"
17:48:33 INFO: Description configured to "Brize Consulting Chatswood Epica"
17:48:33 INFO: [Transports] Initializing protocol for 1 servers
17:48:34 INFO: [TTN] server "thethings.meshed.com.au" connected
17:48:34 INFO: [main] Starting the concentrator
INFO: FPGA supported features: [TX filter] [Spectral Scan]
ERROR: lbt_setup() did not return SUCCESS
17:48:35 ERROR: [main] failed to start the concentrator
admin@mtcdt:~#Hi @Guy , can you check that downlink packets are working reliably for you with AS923 on a USB LoRa card.
Seems to be working properly.
It was running OK overnight with one device connected. Interestingly the gateway reported packets going to my Kerlink on Thingpark, but did not forward them.
I just moved the gateway onto the roof with a short feeder onto a big Taoglas antenna.
I also note that ADR does not seem to be enabled for AS923 on TTN.
Further to this, there is something weird going on.
I have some devices connected to Thingpark via a Kerlink. They have different AppEUIs, AppKeys and of course DevEUIs.
The TTN gateway sporadically seems to pick up some of these packets. Not every one, but maybe one in every 5. It then forwards them on and then drops them. This is from the Gateway Traffic log (on the website):
0msbridge br-asia-se1 receive backend:mqtt
0.05msbridge br-asia-se1 forward backend:ttn
0.88msrouter ttn-router-asia-se receive gateway:pennywest
1.2msrouter ttn-router-asia-se build downlink options:2
2.01msrouter ttn-router-asia-se drop reason:no brokers
Is this expected behaviour ?
This line says it all. If LBT is supported this line should also contain [LBT].
It is a shame the current code does not print the FPGA version information, that might change in the future.
Yes. The gateway does not filter anything so all received LoRaWAN packets (without checksum errors) will be forwarded.
Hi @kersing
Checking the LORA card specs installed, it does support LBT
admin@mtcdt:/opt/lora# mts-io-sysfs show lora/product-id
MTAC-LORA-H-915
admin@mtcdt:/opt/lora# mts-io-sysfs show lora/device-id
19646858
admin@mtcdt:/opt/lora# mts-io-sysfs show lora/eui
00:80:00:00:A0:00:29:1B
There is a note regarding Recipes and Patches to support FPGA .31:
"Contact your third party packet forwarder provider to verify they have the latest release that
supports the MTAC-LORA-H with FPGA .31"
Should I apply these Patches?
Also, I am bit confused about the LoRa packet forwarder.
Can I manage it from the Conduit GUI? Or only from command line?
It should. However, somehow it seems the packet forwarder does not recognize LBT being available. Hard for me to test as I’ve got EU868 hardware which does not support LBT. (LBT minimal frequency is 915MHz according to MultiTech documentation)
No need if you use my prebuild package (or source tree). It already includes the patches.
No, once you used the installer you should not use this page.
BTW, there is nothing to manage as the settings on that page are all included in the TTN configuration.
@kersin Thanks Jac, I will try to open a ticket to Multitech.
Hi @kersing
After chatting with my MultiTech local reseller (Melvin).
He advised to upgrade the FGPA to v33.
Stop any processes that try to access the MTAC-LORA card. For example, the LoRa Network Server and the LoRa Packet Forwarder or other third-party packet forwarders (e.g. Loriot, TTN, Actility, Senet, Orbiwise, etc.).
Navigate to /usr/lib/mts-flash-binaries and run:
mts-fpga-loader -i mtcdt-fpga-v33.hex
The file mtcdt-fpga-v33.hex is part of the firmware 1.4.16.
It is working now with LBT on.
13:20:28 INFO: [TTN] server “thethings.meshed.com.au” connected
13:20:28 INFO: [main] Starting the concentrator
INFO: FPGA supported features: [TX filter] [Spectral Scan] [LBT]
lgw_start:833: Note: calibration started (time: 2300 ms)
lgw_start:854: Note: calibration finished (status = 191)
Info: Initialising AGC firmware…
Info: putting back original RADIO_SELECT value
INFO: Configuring LBT, this may take few seconds, please wait…
13:20:41 INFO: [main] concentrator started, radio packets can now be received.
13:20:41 INFO: Disabling GPS mode for concentrator’s counter…
13:20:41 INFO: host/sx1301 time offset=(1528168830s:363929µs) - drift=-2008389351µs
13:20:41 INFO: Enabling GPS mode for concentrator’s counter.
13:20:41 INFO: JIT thread activated.
13:20:41 INFO: [up] Thread activated for all servers.
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Excellent news. Thank you for researching this. 
I’ve tested on an IP67 Conduit (LEU1-266A). Upgrading the FPGA to v33 solved the LBT error. Thanks @brice for solving and @kersing for your wisdom.
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Apologies for reviving an old thread, but for completeness, v33 of the FPGA firmware broke downlinks for me. I’m leaving my gateways at v31 for now, until we feel the need to enable LBT.
I installed packet_forwarder for ttn on my multitech gateway as I follows guide ([https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/gateways/multitech/aep.html])on here and tried to connect to ttn via multitech gateway.
then I have the same error before with lbt error as following log.
/////////// start of log ////////////////
18:01:40 *** Multi Protocol Packet Forwarder for Lora Gateway ***
Version: 3.0.20
18:01:40 *** Lora concentrator HAL library version info ***
Version: 5.0.1; Options: native;
18:01:40 INFO: Little endian host
18:01:40 INFO: found global configuration file /var/config/lora/global_conf.json, parsing it
18:01:40 INFO: /var/config/lora/global_conf.json does contain a JSON object named SX1301_conf, parsing SX1301 parameters
18:01:40 INFO: lorawan_public 1, clksrc 0
lgw_board_setconf:437: Note: board configuration; lorawan_public:1, clksrc:0
18:01:40 INFO: 7 LBT channels configured
18:01:40 INFO: antenna_gain 0 dBi
18:01:40 INFO: Configuring TX LUT with 16 indexes
18:01:40 INFO: radio 0 enabled (type SX1257), center frequency 922400000, RSSI offset -166.000000, tx enabled 1
lgw_rxrf_setconf:486: WARNING: NOT A VALID TX NOTCH FILTER FREQUENCY [126000…250000]Hz
lgw_rxrf_setconf:498: Note: rf_chain 0 configuration; en:1 freq:922400000 rssi_offset:-166.000000 radio_type:2 tx_enable:1 tx_notch_freq:0
18:01:40 INFO: radio 1 enabled (type SX1257), center frequency 923000000, RSSI offset -166.000000, tx enabled 0
lgw_rxrf_setconf:498: Note: rf_chain 1 configuration; en:1 freq:923000000 rssi_offset:-166.000000 radio_type:2 tx_enable:0 tx_notch_freq:0
18:01:40 INFO: Lora multi-SF channel 0> radio 0, IF -300000 Hz, 125 kHz bw, SF 7 to 12
lgw_rxif_setconf:617: Note: LoRa ‘multi’ if_chain 0 configuration; en:1 freq:-300000 SF_mask:0x7e
18:01:40 INFO: Lora multi-SF channel 1> radio 0, IF -100000 Hz, 125 kHz bw, SF 7 to 12
lgw_rxif_setconf:617: Note: LoRa ‘multi’ if_chain 1 configuration; en:1 freq:-100000 SF_mask:0x7e
18:01:40 INFO: Lora multi-SF channel 2> radio 0, IF 100000 Hz, 125 kHz bw, SF 7 to 12
lgw_rxif_setconf:617: Note: LoRa ‘multi’ if_chain 2 configuration; en:1 freq:100000 SF_mask:0x7e
18:01:40 INFO: Lora multi-SF channel 3> radio 0, IF 300000 Hz, 125 kHz bw, SF 7 to 12
lgw_rxif_setconf:617: Note: LoRa ‘multi’ if_chain 3 configuration; en:1 freq:300000 SF_mask:0x7e
18:01:40 INFO: Lora multi-SF channel 4> radio 1, IF -100000 Hz, 125 kHz bw, SF 7 to 12
lgw_rxif_setconf:617: Note: LoRa ‘multi’ if_chain 4 configuration; en:1 freq:-100000 SF_mask:0x7e
18:01:40 INFO: Lora multi-SF channel 5> radio 1, IF 100000 Hz, 125 kHz bw, SF 7 to 12
lgw_rxif_setconf:617: Note: LoRa ‘multi’ if_chain 5 configuration; en:1 freq:100000 SF_mask:0x7e
18:01:40 INFO: Lora multi-SF channel 6> radio 1, IF 300000 Hz, 125 kHz bw, SF 7 to 12
lgw_rxif_setconf:617: Note: LoRa ‘multi’ if_chain 6 configuration; en:1 freq:300000 SF_mask:0x7e
18:01:40 INFO: Lora multi-SF channel 7 disabled
lgw_rxif_setconf:525: Note: if_chain 7 disabled
18:01:40 INFO: Lora standard channel 8 disabled
lgw_rxif_setconf:525: Note: if_chain 8 disabled
18:01:40 INFO: FSK channel 8 disabled
lgw_rxif_setconf:525: Note: if_chain 9 disabled
18:01:40 INFO: /var/config/lora/global_conf.json does contain a JSON object named gateway_conf, parsing gateway parameters
18:01:40 INFO: Found 1 servers in array.
18:01:40 INFO: Server 0 configured to “router.kr.thethings.network”
18:01:40 INFO: packets received with a valid CRC will be forwarded
18:01:40 INFO: packets received with a CRC error will NOT be forwarded
18:01:40 INFO: packets received with no CRC will NOT be forwarded
18:01:40 INFO: GPS is disabled
18:01:40 INFO: Upstream data is enabled
18:01:40 INFO: Downstream data is enabled
18:01:40 INFO: Ghoststream data is disabled
18:01:40 INFO: Radiostream data is enabled
18:01:40 INFO: Statusstream data is enabled
18:01:40 INFO: Beacon is disabled
18:01:40 INFO: Packet logger is disabled
18:01:40 INFO: Flush output after statistic is disabled
18:01:40 INFO: Flush after each line of output is disabled
18:01:40 INFO: Watchdog is disabled
18:01:40 INFO: found local configuration file /var/config/lora/local_conf.json, parsing it
18:01:40 INFO: redefined parameters will overwrite global parameters
18:01:40 INFO: /var/config/lora/local_conf.json does not contain a JSON object named SX1301_conf
18:01:40 INFO: /var/config/lora/local_conf.json does contain a JSON object named gateway_conf, parsing gateway parameters
18:01:40 INFO: gateway MAC address is configured to 00800000A0003306
18:01:40 INFO: Found 1 servers in array.
18:01:40 INFO: Server 0 configured to “bridge.asia-se.thethings.network”
18:01:40 INFO: packets received with a valid CRC will be forwarded
18:01:40 INFO: packets received with a CRC error will NOT be forwarded
18:01:40 INFO: packets received with no CRC will NOT be forwarded
18:01:40 INFO: GPS is disabled
18:01:40 INFO: Upstream data is enabled
18:01:40 INFO: Downstream data is enabled
18:01:40 INFO: Ghoststream data is disabled
18:01:40 INFO: Radiostream data is enabled
18:01:40 INFO: Statusstream data is enabled
18:01:40 INFO: Beacon is disabled
18:01:40 INFO: Packet logger is disabled
18:01:40 INFO: Flush output after statistic is disabled
18:01:40 INFO: Flush after each line of output is disabled
18:01:40 INFO: Watchdog is disabled
18:01:40 INFO: Contact email configured to “cto@onofflab.xyz”
18:01:40 INFO: Description configured to “onofflab_smartfactory”
18:01:40 INFO: [Transports] Initializing protocol for 1 servers
18:01:40 INFO: [TTN] server “bridge.asia-se.thethings.network” connected
18:01:40 INFO: [main] Starting the concentrator
ERROR: lbt_setup() did not return SUCCESS
INFO: FPGA supported features: [TX filter] [Spectral Scan]
18:01:40 ERROR: [main] failed to start the concentrator
///////////// end of log /////////////////
Can anyone see my log and advice me please.
You will need to disable LBT or load the v33 firmware onto the MTAC-LORA-H card.
# mts-fpga-loader -i /usr/lib/mts-flash-binaries/mtcdt-fpga-v33.hex
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