I am currently using the ABP method to connect my raspberry pi + lora hat to my arduino + dragino shield. Currently, I see that my RPi gateway is connected on ttn, but for my arduino/dragino shield there is no evidence that the device has connected as it has never been seen on the ttn network. I have followed numerous guides online, but am unsure for my next step. For my arduino/dragino shield I am using the LMIC code that is given as a starter and have the proper device, network, and app keys.
you have to transmit data before the node is ‘seen’
Is the LMIC arduino script not transmitting “Hello World”?
We cannot tell what the node would be transmitting unless you post some (formatted) code, or tell us which example you used. (As an aside: proper examples should not be sending text.) Also, your debugging should probably start by peeking into the node’s and gateway’s logs.
So far there is no activity reaching the gateway.
Here is my code.
#include <lmic.h>
#include <hal/hal.h>
#include <SPI.h>
// LoRaWAN NwkSKey, network session key
// This is the default Semtech key, which is used by the prototype TTN
// network initially.
//ttn
static const PROGMEM u1_t NWKSKEY[16] = { 0xF5, 0x4B, 0x93, 0x15, 0x18, 0xAC, 0x7C, 0x4C, 0xA3, 0xA7, 0x36, 0x0D, 0xBA, 0xB0, 0x78, 0x2B };
// LoRaWAN AppSKey, application session key
// This is the default Semtech key, which is used by the prototype TTN
// network initially.
//ttn
static const u1_t PROGMEM APPSKEY[16] = { 0x06, 0x0F, 0x9D, 0x1C, 0x2B, 0xFC, 0x61, 0x56, 0x88, 0xE5, 0xE2, 0x10, 0xCB, 0x5B, 0xD8, 0x40 };
//
// LoRaWAN end-device address (DevAddr)
// See http://thethingsnetwork.org/wiki/AddressSpace
// ttn
static const u4_t DEVADDR = 0x2601151D;
// These callbacks are only used in over-the-air activation, so they are
// left empty here (we cannot leave them out completely unless
// DISABLE_JOIN is set in config.h, otherwise the linker will complain).
void os_getArtEui (u1_t* buf) { }
void os_getDevEui (u1_t* buf) { }
void os_getDevKey (u1_t* buf) { }
static uint8_t mydata[] = "Hello, world!";
static osjob_t initjob,sendjob,blinkjob;
// Schedule TX every this many seconds (might become longer due to duty
// cycle limitations).
const unsigned TX_INTERVAL = 20;
// Pin mapping
const lmic_pinmap lmic_pins = {
.nss = 10,
.rxtx = LMIC_UNUSED_PIN,
.rst = 9,
.dio = {2, 6, 7},
};
void do_send(osjob_t* j){
// Check if there is not a current TX/RX job running
if (LMIC.opmode & OP_TXRXPEND) {
Serial.println("OP_TXRXPEND, not sending");
} else {
// Prepare upstream data transmission at the next possible time.
LMIC_setTxData2(1, mydata, sizeof(mydata)-1, 0);
Serial.println("Packet queued");
Serial.println(LMIC.freq);
}
// Next TX is scheduled after TX_COMPLETE event.
}
void onEvent (ev_t ev) {
Serial.print(os_getTime());
Serial.print(": ");
Serial.println(ev);
switch(ev) {
case EV_SCAN_TIMEOUT:
Serial.println("EV_SCAN_TIMEOUT");
break;
case EV_BEACON_FOUND:
Serial.println("EV_BEACON_FOUND");
break;
case EV_BEACON_MISSED:
Serial.println("EV_BEACON_MISSED");
break;
case EV_BEACON_TRACKED:
Serial.println("EV_BEACON_TRACKED");
break;
case EV_JOINING:
Serial.println("EV_JOINING");
break;
case EV_JOINED:
Serial.println("EV_JOINED");
break;
case EV_RFU1:
Serial.println("EV_RFU1");
break;
case EV_JOIN_FAILED:
Serial.println("EV_JOIN_FAILED");
break;
case EV_REJOIN_FAILED:
Serial.println("EV_REJOIN_FAILED");
break;
case EV_TXCOMPLETE:
Serial.println("EV_TXCOMPLETE (includes waiting for RX windows)");
if(LMIC.dataLen) {
// data received in rx slot after tx
Serial.print("Data Received: ");
Serial.write(LMIC.frame+LMIC.dataBeg, LMIC.dataLen);
Serial.println();
}
// Schedule next transmission
os_setTimedCallback(&sendjob, os_getTime()+sec2osticks(TX_INTERVAL), do_send);
break;
case EV_LOST_TSYNC:
Serial.println("EV_LOST_TSYNC");
break;
case EV_RESET:
Serial.println("EV_RESET");
break;
case EV_RXCOMPLETE:
// data received in ping slot
Serial.println("EV_RXCOMPLETE");
break;
case EV_LINK_DEAD:
Serial.println("EV_LINK_DEAD");
break;
case EV_LINK_ALIVE:
Serial.println("EV_LINK_ALIVE");
break;
default:
Serial.println("Unknown event");
break;
}
}
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
while(!Serial);
Serial.println("Starting");
#ifdef VCC_ENABLE
// For Pinoccio Scout boards
pinMode(VCC_ENABLE, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(VCC_ENABLE, HIGH);
delay(1000);
#endif
// LMIC init
os_init();
// Reset the MAC state. Session and pending data transfers will be discarded.
LMIC_reset();
//LMIC_setClockError(MAX_CLOCK_ERROR * 1/100);
// Set static session parameters. Instead of dynamically establishing a session
// by joining the network, precomputed session parameters are be provided.
#ifdef PROGMEM
// On AVR, these values are stored in flash and only copied to RAM
// once. Copy them to a temporary buffer here, LMIC_setSession will
// copy them into a buffer of its own again.
uint8_t appskey[sizeof(APPSKEY)];
uint8_t nwkskey[sizeof(NWKSKEY)];
memcpy_P(appskey, APPSKEY, sizeof(APPSKEY));
memcpy_P(nwkskey, NWKSKEY, sizeof(NWKSKEY));
LMIC_setSession (0x1, DEVADDR, nwkskey, appskey);
#else
// If not running an AVR with PROGMEM, just use the arrays directly
LMIC_setSession (0x1, DEVADDR, NWKSKEY, APPSKEY);
#endif
// Disable link check validation
LMIC_setLinkCheckMode(0);
// TTN uses SF9 for its RX2 window.
LMIC.dn2Dr = DR_SF7;
// Set data rate and transmit power (note: txpow seems to be ignored by the library)
LMIC_setDrTxpow(DR_SF9,14);
// Start job
do_send(&sendjob);
}
void loop() {
os_runloop_once();
}
I posted the formatted code below. But in this example, I thought it seems that it should work for your node when using ABP as long as you put in the device address, network, and session keys.
Resolved: the spreading factors were flipped.
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